Rigorous Quantitative Methods Test - 94+ MCQs: Quantitative Methods test: Assess Your Knowledge with Political Science Questions and Answers

1. Which of the following is an example of a quantitative variable?

Gender

Political ideology

Age

Qualitative data

2. What is the coefficient of determination in regression analysis?

The slope of the regression line

The intercept of the regression line

The standard error of the regression

The proportion of variance explained by the regression

3. Which of the following is an example of a quantitative research instrument?

Interview guide

Observation checklist

Field notes

Literature review

4. What is the first step in the research process?

Data analysis

Hypothesis testing

Research design

Sampling

5. Which of the following is an example of a quantitative research approach?

Phenomenology

Grounded theory

Experimental research

Ethnography

6. What is the purpose of peer review in quantitative research?

To ensure the research is conducted ethically

To provide constructive feedback on the research

To validate the research findings

To determine the sample size

7. Which of the following is an example of a primary data collection method?

Survey

Literature review

Secondary data analysis

Content analysis

8. What is the purpose of a frequency distribution in data analysis?

To calculate the mean

To summarize the data

To determine the sample size

To assess the normality of the data

9. What is the purpose of quantitative research?

To explore subjective experiences

To understand social phenomena

To analyze historical events

To examine qualitative data

10. What is the first step in the research design process for quantitative research?

Data analysis

Hypothesis testing

Data collection

Literature review

11. Which of the following is a statistical software commonly used in quantitative research?

Microsoft Word

Adobe Photoshop

SPSS

Microsoft Excel

12. What is the purpose of sampling techniques in quantitative research?

To ensure the representativeness of the sample

To collect qualitative data

To analyze survey responses

To conduct experiments

13. What is the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics?

Descriptive statistics summarize data, while inferential statistics make predictions or inferences about a population based on sample data.

Descriptive statistics are used for qualitative data, while inferential statistics are used for quantitative data.

Descriptive statistics analyze the mean, while inferential statistics analyze the standard deviation.

Descriptive statistics are used for hypothesis testing, while inferential statistics are used for data visualization.

14. Which sampling technique involves dividing the population into groups and randomly selecting individuals from each group?

Simple random sampling

Stratified random sampling

Cluster sampling

Systematic sampling

15. What is the null hypothesis in hypothesis testing?

The hypothesis that there is no significant difference or relationship between variables

The hypothesis that there is a significant difference or relationship between variables

The hypothesis that the alternative hypothesis is true

The hypothesis that the sample statistic is equal to the population parameter

16. Which of the following is a characteristic of quantitative research variables?

Subjective interpretation

In-depth understanding

Measurability

Flexible and adaptable

17. What is the purpose of a null hypothesis in hypothesis testing?

To state the research hypothesis

To reject the alternative hypothesis

To establish the significance level

To assume no relationship or difference between variables

18. What is the difference between correlation and causation?

Correlation implies causation

Correlation is a stronger relationship than causation

Correlation is a statistical relationship, while causation implies a cause-and-effect relationship

Causation is a statistical relationship, while correlation implies a cause-and-effect relationship

19. What is the purpose of ANOVA (Analysis of Variance)?

To compare the means of three or more groups and determine if they are significantly different

To summarize and describe the main features of a dataset

To test hypotheses and make inferences about a population

To establish causality in research studies

20. What is the purpose of statistical significance testing?

To determine the practical significance of findings

To assess the strength of the relationship between variables

To determine if the observed results are likely due to chance

To compare means between groups

21. What is the difference between a null hypothesis and an alternative hypothesis?

A null hypothesis predicts a relationship, while an alternative hypothesis predicts no relationship

A null hypothesis predicts no relationship, while an alternative hypothesis predicts a relationship

A null hypothesis is supported by evidence, while an alternative hypothesis is not supported

A null hypothesis is not supported by evidence, while an alternative hypothesis is supported

22. What is the purpose of a research hypothesis in quantitative research?

To describe the data

To summarize the findings

To make predictions

To test relationships and make inferences

23. What is the difference between a cross-sectional study and a longitudinal study?

Cross-sectional studies collect data at multiple time points, while longitudinal studies collect data at a single time point

Cross-sectional studies collect data from different populations, while longitudinal studies collect data from the same population

Cross-sectional studies focus on qualitative data, while longitudinal studies focus on quantitative data

Cross-sectional studies provide a snapshot of a population at a specific time, while longitudinal studies track changes over time

24. What is the purpose of random sampling in quantitative research?

To ensure representativeness of the sample

To eliminate bias in the sample

To increase the sample size

To simplify data analysis

25. Which of the following is a characteristic of quantitative research design?

Flexible and adaptable

Subjective interpretation

In-depth understanding

Standardized procedures

26. What is the purpose of regression analysis in quantitative research?

To analyze qualitative data

To test hypotheses

To conduct experiments

To measure central tendency

27. Which of the following is a characteristic of reliability in quantitative research?

Consistency of measurement

Generalizability of findings

Subjective interpretation

In-depth understanding

28. What is the purpose of descriptive statistics?

To summarize and describe the main features of a dataset

To test hypotheses and make inferences about a population

To establish causality in research studies

To analyze the relationship between variables

29. Which of the following is a commonly used statistical technique in quantitative research?

Content analysis

Discourse analysis

Chi-square test

Grounded theory

30. What is the difference between correlation and regression analysis in quantitative research?

Correlation analysis examines the relationship between variables, while regression analysis predicts the value of one variable based on another variable

Correlation analysis predicts the value of one variable based on another variable, while regression analysis examines the relationship between variables

Correlation analysis is used for qualitative data, while regression analysis is used for quantitative data

Correlation analysis is used for categorical data, while regression analysis is used for numerical data

Quantitative Methods MCQ Test 3