What is the difference between policy formulation and policy implementation?

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What is the difference between policy formulation and policy implementation?

Policy formulation refers to the process of developing and designing a policy. It involves identifying a problem, conducting research, analyzing data, and proposing potential solutions. During policy formulation, policymakers consider various factors such as political, economic, social, and environmental implications. The goal is to create a policy that addresses the identified problem effectively.

On the other hand, policy implementation refers to the actual execution of the policy. It involves putting the formulated policy into action and ensuring that it is implemented as intended. This includes allocating resources, establishing procedures, and coordinating different stakeholders to achieve the desired outcomes. Policy implementation requires effective communication, monitoring, and evaluation to assess the policy's effectiveness and make necessary adjustments.

In summary, policy formulation focuses on the development and design of a policy, while policy implementation involves the execution and operationalization of the formulated policy.