Political Theory Realism And Idealism Questions
The key differences between realism and idealism in political theory are as follows:
1. Assumptions: Realism assumes that the international system is anarchic and states are the primary actors driven by self-interest and power. Idealism, on the other hand, assumes that cooperation and moral principles can guide international relations.
2. View of human nature: Realism sees human nature as inherently selfish and power-seeking, leading to conflict and competition. Idealism, in contrast, believes in the potential for human cooperation and progress.
3. State behavior: Realism argues that states prioritize their own national interests and security, often resorting to power politics and military force. Idealism emphasizes the importance of international institutions, diplomacy, and peaceful resolutions to conflicts.
4. Role of morality: Realism downplays the significance of moral considerations in international relations, focusing on the pursuit of power and national interests. Idealism places a greater emphasis on moral principles, advocating for justice, human rights, and global cooperation.
5. Approach to conflict: Realism views conflict as inevitable and a natural part of international relations, often leading to power struggles and competition. Idealism seeks to minimize conflict through dialogue, negotiation, and the promotion of shared values.
6. View of international institutions: Realism sees international institutions as tools for powerful states to advance their interests, often disregarding their effectiveness. Idealism believes in the potential of international institutions to foster cooperation, resolve conflicts, and promote global governance.
Overall, realism emphasizes power, self-interest, and conflict in international relations, while idealism emphasizes cooperation, morality, and the potential for progress.