What is the concept of ethics in political realism?

In political realism, the concept of ethics is often viewed differently compared to other political theories. Realism emphasizes the importance of power, self-interest, and the pursuit of national interests in international relations. As a result, the concept of ethics in political realism is often seen as secondary or even irrelevant.

Realists argue that in the realm of international politics, states are primarily concerned with their own survival and security. They believe that the international system is anarchic, meaning there is no higher authority to enforce moral principles or ethical norms. In this context, realists argue that states must prioritize their own interests and act in a self-interested manner to ensure their survival and protect their national security.

According to realists, the pursuit of ethical principles or moral values in international relations can be detrimental to a state's interests. They argue that states should focus on maintaining a balance of power, engaging in power politics, and pursuing strategies that maximize their own security and influence. Realists believe that moral considerations can often be manipulated or exploited by other states, leading to a weakening of a state's position in the international system.

However, it is important to note that not all realists completely reject ethics in political decision-making. Some realists argue for a more nuanced approach, acknowledging that ethical considerations can play a role in shaping a state's foreign policy. They argue that while self-interest and power are crucial, states should also consider the long-term consequences of their actions and the potential impact on international stability.

In summary, the concept of ethics in political realism is often downplayed or considered secondary to the pursuit of power and self-interest. Realists argue that in the anarchic international system, states must prioritize their own survival and security, often leading to a disregard for moral principles or ethical norms. However, there are variations within realism, with some realists recognizing the potential role of ethics in shaping foreign policy decisions.