Political Theory Realism And Idealism Questions Long
The role of power struggle is a central theme in both political realism and idealism, although they approach it from different perspectives.
In political realism, power struggle is seen as an inherent and inevitable aspect of international politics. Realists argue that states are driven by self-interest and the pursuit of power, and that the international system is characterized by anarchy, where there is no higher authority to enforce rules or maintain order. As a result, states must constantly compete for power and security, leading to a perpetual power struggle. Realists believe that the primary goal of states is to maximize their own power and security, often at the expense of others. They view international relations as a zero-sum game, where one state's gain is another state's loss. Realists emphasize the importance of military strength, alliances, and balance of power as means to ensure survival and protect national interests.
On the other hand, idealism takes a more optimistic view of power struggle in politics. Idealists believe that states can transcend the pursuit of power and engage in cooperative behavior for the greater good. They argue that states should prioritize moral principles, such as justice, human rights, and international law, over self-interest. Idealists advocate for the establishment of international institutions and organizations, such as the United Nations, to promote cooperation, resolve conflicts peacefully, and address global challenges. They believe that through diplomacy, negotiation, and collective action, states can overcome power struggles and work towards a more peaceful and just world order.
While realists and idealists differ in their perspectives on power struggle, both recognize its significance in shaping international relations. Realists argue that power struggle is a natural consequence of the anarchic nature of the international system, while idealists believe that power struggle can be mitigated through cooperation and adherence to moral principles. However, it is important to note that these perspectives are not mutually exclusive, and many scholars argue for a combination of realist and idealist approaches in understanding and addressing power struggles in politics.