Oceania And Pacific Politics Questions
The Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) is a sovereign island nation located in the western Pacific Ocean. Its political history can be traced back to its colonization by various European powers. In the 19th century, Spain claimed the islands as part of its empire, but later sold them to Germany in 1899. During World War I, Japan occupied the islands and gained control over them under the League of Nations mandate.
After World War II, the islands came under the administration of the United States as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. In 1979, the FSM signed a Compact of Free Association with the United States, granting it independence and self-governance. The Compact was ratified in 1986, and the FSM officially became an independent nation.
Since gaining independence, the FSM has adopted a democratic system of government. It is a federal republic with a president as the head of state and government. The FSM is composed of four states: Yap, Chuuk, Pohnpei, and Kosrae, each with its own state government. The national government and state governments have separate powers and responsibilities, with the national government overseeing defense, foreign affairs, and other national issues.
The political history of the FSM has been characterized by a focus on maintaining its unique cultural identity while also engaging with the international community. The nation has faced challenges such as economic development, environmental issues, and the impact of climate change. The FSM has also been an active participant in regional organizations such as the Pacific Islands Forum and has established diplomatic relations with various countries around the world.
Overall, the political history of the Federated States of Micronesia reflects its journey from colonization to independence, and its ongoing efforts to navigate the complexities of governance and development in the Pacific region.