Oceania And Pacific Politics Questions Medium
The electoral system in Papua New Guinea is based on a Limited Preferential Voting (LPV) system, also known as the Alternative Vote system. This system is used to elect members of the National Parliament.
Under the LPV system, voters are required to rank candidates in order of preference. In each electorate, voters can choose up to three candidates and rank them as their first, second, and third preferences. This system allows voters to express their preferences for multiple candidates, rather than just selecting one.
The counting process begins by tallying the first preference votes for each candidate. If a candidate receives an absolute majority (50%+1) of first preference votes, they are declared the winner. However, if no candidate achieves an absolute majority, the candidate with the fewest first preference votes is eliminated, and their second preference votes are redistributed to the remaining candidates. This process continues until a candidate reaches an absolute majority.
The LPV system aims to ensure that elected representatives have broad-based support from their constituents. It encourages candidates to appeal to a wider range of voters and discourages extreme or divisive campaigning. Additionally, it allows voters to express their preferences beyond just their first choice, giving them a greater say in the outcome of the election.
However, the LPV system in Papua New Guinea has faced some challenges. The counting process can be complex and time-consuming, leading to delays in declaring election results. There have also been concerns about voter education and understanding of the system, as well as allegations of fraud and manipulation in some instances.
Overall, the electoral system in Papua New Guinea, based on Limited Preferential Voting, aims to promote inclusivity and representation in the National Parliament. However, ongoing efforts are needed to address the challenges and ensure the system operates effectively and transparently.