What are the key differences between transformative, embedded, and multiphase mixed methods research designs?

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What are the key differences between transformative, embedded, and multiphase mixed methods research designs?

Transformative, embedded, and multiphase mixed methods research designs are three distinct approaches within the field of mixed methods research. While they share some similarities, they also have key differences in terms of their goals, procedures, and overall design.

1. Transformative mixed methods research design:
Transformative mixed methods research design aims to bring about social change and transformation through research. It focuses on addressing social inequalities, power dynamics, and promoting social justice. This design typically involves collaboration with participants and stakeholders, aiming to empower marginalized groups and challenge existing structures. Transformative mixed methods research often includes both qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis methods to provide a comprehensive understanding of the research topic. The emphasis is on generating knowledge that can lead to transformative action and social impact.

2. Embedded mixed methods research design:
Embedded mixed methods research design involves the integration of qualitative and quantitative data within a single study. In this design, one method is given priority, while the other method is used to support or complement the primary method. The two methods are interconnected and mutually informative, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the research question. Embedded mixed methods research design is often used when one method alone cannot fully capture the complexity of the research topic. It allows for triangulation of data, enhancing the validity and reliability of the findings.

3. Multiphase mixed methods research design:
Multiphase mixed methods research design involves conducting multiple phases or stages of research, where each phase utilizes different methods. This design allows for a sequential or concurrent approach, where one phase informs the next. Each phase may focus on different aspects of the research question or explore different dimensions of the phenomenon under study. The combination of different methods in each phase provides a more comprehensive understanding of the research topic. Multiphase mixed methods research design is often used when a single method or phase is insufficient to address the complexity of the research question or when a longitudinal perspective is required.

In summary, transformative mixed methods research design aims to bring about social change, embedded mixed methods research design integrates qualitative and quantitative data within a single study, and multiphase mixed methods research design involves conducting multiple phases of research using different methods. Each design has its own unique goals and procedures, allowing researchers to address different research questions and achieve different outcomes.