Explain the concept of the heartland theory proposed by Halford Mackinder.

Explain the concept of the heartland theory proposed by Halford Mackinder.

The heartland theory, proposed by Halford Mackinder, is a geopolitical concept that suggests that the control of the Eurasian landmass, specifically the "heartland" region of Eastern Europe and Central Asia, would give a nation the power to dominate the world. According to Mackinder, the heartland, which includes countries like Russia and parts of China, possesses vast resources and a strategic location that makes it the pivotal area for global dominance. He argued that whoever controls the heartland can control the "world island," which encompasses Europe, Asia, and Africa, and therefore, would have the potential to control the entire world. This theory emphasizes the significance of land power and the geopolitical importance of controlling key territories.