Experimental Research Questions
There are several ways to calculate effect size in experimental research. Some common methods include:
1. Cohen's d: This is a widely used measure of effect size that calculates the standardized difference between two means. It is calculated by dividing the difference between the means by the pooled standard deviation.
2. Pearson's r: This measure of effect size is used when examining the relationship between two continuous variables. It calculates the strength and direction of the linear relationship between the variables, ranging from -1 to +1.
3. Odds ratio: This measure of effect size is commonly used in studies involving binary outcomes. It calculates the ratio of the odds of an event occurring in one group compared to another group.
4. Phi coefficient: This measure of effect size is used when examining the relationship between two categorical variables. It calculates the strength and direction of the association between the variables, ranging from -1 to +1.
5. Eta-squared (η²): This measure of effect size is used in analysis of variance (ANOVA) designs. It represents the proportion of variance in the dependent variable that is accounted for by the independent variable.
It is important to choose the appropriate effect size measure based on the research question, study design, and type of data being analyzed.