What are the key principles of democracy?

The key principles of democracy include:
1. Popular sovereignty: The power and authority of the government are derived from the consent and will of the people.
2. Political equality: All citizens have equal rights and opportunities to participate in the political process, regardless of their social status, wealth, or other factors.
3. Rule of law: The government and its officials are bound by the law, and no one is above the law. Laws are applied equally to all individuals.
4. Individual rights and freedoms: Democracy ensures the protection of fundamental rights and freedoms, such as freedom of speech, assembly, religion, and the right to a fair trial.
5. Free and fair elections: Citizens have the right to choose their representatives through regular, transparent, and competitive elections, ensuring accountability and legitimacy of the government.
6. Pluralism and tolerance: Democracy promotes diversity, inclusivity, and respect for different opinions, beliefs, and cultures, fostering a peaceful coexistence among citizens.
7. Checks and balances: The powers of the government are divided among different branches, such as the executive, legislative, and judicial, to prevent the concentration of power and ensure accountability.
8. Civilian control of the military: The military is subordinate to civilian authority, ensuring that the government remains under the control of elected representatives.
9. Transparency and accountability: Democracy requires transparency in government actions and decision-making processes, as well as mechanisms to hold elected officials accountable for their actions.
10. Peaceful transfer of power: Democracy ensures a peaceful transition of power through elections, avoiding violence or coercion in the transfer of leadership.