Comparative Research Methods Questions Medium
Comparative research and single-case study research are two distinct approaches used in political science research. While both methods aim to understand political phenomena, they differ in terms of their scope, focus, and generalizability.
1. Scope: Comparative research involves the systematic comparison of multiple cases or countries to identify similarities, differences, and patterns across them. It seeks to establish relationships and draw broader conclusions by examining a range of cases. On the other hand, single-case study research focuses on in-depth analysis of a single case or country, aiming to provide a detailed understanding of a specific phenomenon within that context.
2. Focus: Comparative research emphasizes the comparison of cases to identify similarities and differences in political systems, institutions, policies, or outcomes. It aims to explain variations and similarities across cases and often involves the use of quantitative methods to analyze large datasets. Single-case study research, on the other hand, focuses on understanding the unique characteristics, dynamics, and complexities of a specific case. It often employs qualitative methods such as interviews, observations, and document analysis to gather rich and detailed data.
3. Generalizability: Comparative research aims to generate generalizable knowledge by identifying patterns and relationships that can be applied to other cases or contexts. It seeks to establish theoretical frameworks and test hypotheses that can be applied beyond the specific cases studied. Single-case study research, however, is primarily concerned with providing in-depth insights into a specific case and may not aim for generalizability. Instead, it focuses on generating rich and context-specific knowledge.
4. Methodological approach: Comparative research often employs a deductive approach, starting with a theory or hypothesis and testing it across multiple cases using quantitative methods. It relies on statistical analysis and large-N datasets to identify patterns and relationships. Single-case study research, on the other hand, often adopts an inductive approach, allowing theories and hypotheses to emerge from the detailed analysis of a specific case. It relies on qualitative methods to gather and analyze data, emphasizing the context-specific understanding of the case.
In summary, the key differences between comparative research and single-case study research lie in their scope, focus, generalizability, and methodological approach. Comparative research involves the systematic comparison of multiple cases to identify patterns and relationships, aiming for generalizable knowledge. Single-case study research, on the other hand, focuses on in-depth analysis of a specific case, aiming for context-specific insights.