Comparative Research Methods Questions Medium
Comparative research and historical research are two distinct approaches within the field of political science. While they share some similarities, there are key differences between the two methods.
1. Focus: Comparative research primarily focuses on comparing different cases or countries to identify similarities and differences in political phenomena. It aims to understand the causes and consequences of these variations. On the other hand, historical research focuses on studying a specific case or country over a specific period of time. It aims to provide a detailed account of events, developments, and their context.
2. Timeframe: Comparative research typically involves studying contemporary or recent cases, often within a specific time frame. It emphasizes the analysis of current political systems, policies, and institutions. In contrast, historical research delves into the past, examining events, processes, and their long-term effects. It often covers a broader time span, sometimes spanning centuries.
3. Methodology: Comparative research employs a systematic and structured approach to compare cases. It often involves the use of quantitative methods, statistical analysis, and large-scale data collection. It aims to identify patterns, correlations, and generalizable findings. Historical research, on the other hand, relies on qualitative methods such as archival research, interviews, and document analysis. It emphasizes the interpretation of specific events and contexts.
4. Generalizability: Comparative research seeks to generate generalizable knowledge by identifying patterns and trends across cases. It aims to draw broader conclusions and theories applicable to multiple contexts. Historical research, however, tends to focus on the uniqueness and specificity of individual cases. It aims to provide a detailed understanding of a particular event or period, often without seeking generalizable findings.
5. Purpose: Comparative research is often used to test theories, hypotheses, or concepts across different cases. It aims to contribute to the development of theories and frameworks in political science. Historical research, on the other hand, aims to provide a rich and nuanced understanding of a specific case or period. It often contributes to the field by challenging existing narratives or providing new insights into historical events.
In summary, while both comparative research and historical research contribute to the study of political science, they differ in terms of their focus, timeframe, methodology, generalizability, and purpose. Comparative research emphasizes comparison and seeks generalizable findings, while historical research focuses on specific cases and aims to provide detailed contextual understanding.