Asian Politics Questions
The political landscape of Bhutan is characterized by a unique system known as "Bhutanese Democracy." Bhutan transitioned from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional monarchy in 2008, with the introduction of a parliamentary democracy. The King of Bhutan remains the head of state, while the Prime Minister holds executive power.
The political structure in Bhutan consists of a bicameral parliament, known as the "Tshogdu." The upper house, called the National Council, consists of 25 members who are elected by the people and 5 members appointed by the King. The lower house, known as the National Assembly, consists of 47 members who are directly elected by the people through a general election.
Political parties play a significant role in Bhutanese politics. The two major political parties are the Druk Phuensum Tshogpa (DPT) and the People's Democratic Party (PDP). These parties compete in general elections to form the government. The party that secures the majority of seats in the National Assembly forms the government, and the leader of that party becomes the Prime Minister.
Bhutan's political landscape also emphasizes the concept of Gross National Happiness (GNH), which is a unique development philosophy. GNH focuses on the overall well-being and happiness of the Bhutanese people, rather than solely economic growth. This philosophy influences policy-making and governance in Bhutan.
Overall, Bhutan's political landscape is characterized by a constitutional monarchy, a parliamentary democracy, and a focus on Gross National Happiness.