What are the major political parties in Saudi Arabia?

In Saudi Arabia, the political landscape is quite different from other countries as the country follows an absolute monarchy system. As a result, there are no traditional political parties in the country. However, there are certain groups and factions that can be considered as influential political entities within Saudi Arabia. These groups are primarily based on religious, tribal, and regional affiliations rather than formal political parties.

One of the most prominent groups is the Al Saud royal family, which has been ruling the country since its establishment in 1932. The royal family plays a significant role in shaping the political landscape of Saudi Arabia, making key decisions and holding important positions within the government.

Another influential group is the religious establishment, particularly the clerics and scholars associated with the conservative Wahhabi interpretation of Islam. They hold considerable influence over the social and political affairs of the country, often providing guidance and support to the ruling family.

Additionally, there are various tribal groups in Saudi Arabia that hold significant power and influence. These tribes have strong ties to their respective regions and play a crucial role in maintaining stability and social cohesion within the country.

It is important to note that while there are no formal political parties, the Saudi government has taken steps towards political reforms in recent years. In 2005, municipal elections were held, allowing citizens to vote for local representatives. However, these representatives do not have significant decision-making powers and the overall political system remains highly centralized.

In conclusion, Saudi Arabia does not have traditional political parties as seen in other countries. Instead, the political landscape is shaped by the ruling Al Saud family, the religious establishment, and various tribal groups. While some political reforms have been introduced, the country's political system remains largely autocratic.