Research Design And Methods Study Cards

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Research Design

The overall plan or structure of a research study, outlining the methods and procedures to be used for data collection and analysis.

Types of Research Design

Different approaches or strategies used in research, such as experimental, correlational, descriptive, and exploratory designs.

Quantitative Research Methods

Research methods that involve the collection and analysis of numerical data, often using statistical techniques.

Qualitative Research Methods

Research methods that focus on understanding and interpreting non-numerical data, such as interviews, observations, and textual analysis.

Mixed Methods Research

Research that combines both quantitative and qualitative methods, aiming to provide a more comprehensive understanding of a research problem.

Experimental Design

A research design that involves manipulating independent variables to observe their effects on dependent variables, often conducted in controlled laboratory settings.

Survey Research

A research method that involves collecting data from a sample of individuals through questionnaires or interviews, aiming to gather information about their opinions, attitudes, or behaviors.

Case Study Research

An in-depth investigation of a particular individual, group, or phenomenon, often using multiple sources of data to provide a comprehensive analysis.

Content Analysis

A research method that involves systematically analyzing and interpreting the content of various forms of communication, such as texts, images, or videos.

Interviews and Focus Groups

Research methods that involve direct interaction with participants through individual interviews or group discussions, aiming to gather in-depth insights and perspectives.

Ethnographic Research

A qualitative research method that involves immersing oneself in a particular social group or culture to understand their behaviors, beliefs, and practices.

Historical Research

A research method that involves studying past events, actions, or phenomena to gain insights and understanding of their significance and impact.

Comparative Research

A research approach that involves comparing different cases or groups to identify similarities, differences, or patterns, aiming to draw generalizations or make theoretical contributions.

Sampling Techniques

Methods used to select a subset of individuals or cases from a larger population, aiming to ensure representativeness and generalizability of research findings.

Data Collection Methods

Various techniques and tools used to gather data, such as surveys, interviews, observations, experiments, or archival research.

Data Analysis Techniques

Methods used to analyze and interpret research data, such as statistical analysis, thematic analysis, content analysis, or discourse analysis.

Validity and Reliability

The extent to which a research study measures what it intends to measure (validity) and produces consistent and stable results (reliability).

Ethical Considerations in Research

The principles and guidelines that researchers must follow to ensure the protection of participants' rights, privacy, and well-being during the research process.

Research Proposal Writing

The process of preparing a detailed plan or proposal for a research study, including the research question, objectives, methodology, and expected outcomes.

Literature Review

A critical analysis and synthesis of existing research and scholarly literature relevant to a particular research topic or question.

Hypothesis Formulation

The process of developing testable statements or predictions about the relationship between variables in a research study.

Variables and Measurement

The concepts or characteristics that can vary or change in a research study, and the methods used to quantify or assess them.

Data Visualization

The graphical representation of research data, such as charts, graphs, or diagrams, to facilitate understanding and interpretation.

Research Ethics

The moral principles and guidelines that govern the conduct of research, ensuring integrity, honesty, and respect for participants and the research community.

Research Validity

The extent to which a research study accurately measures or reflects the intended concepts or phenomena, ensuring the credibility and trustworthiness of research findings.

Research Reliability

The consistency and stability of research results or findings, ensuring that similar results would be obtained if the study were replicated or repeated.

Research Limitations

The constraints, weaknesses, or shortcomings of a research study that may affect the generalizability, validity, or reliability of the findings.

Research Bias

Systematic errors or distortions in research design, data collection, or data analysis that may lead to inaccurate or misleading results.

Research Sampling

The process of selecting a subset of individuals or cases from a larger population to participate in a research study, aiming to ensure representativeness and minimize bias.

Research Instruments

The tools, measures, or devices used to collect data in a research study, such as questionnaires, interview guides, observation protocols, or physiological sensors.

Research Data Collection

The process of gathering data from participants or sources, using various methods and techniques, to address the research objectives or answer the research questions.

Research Data Analysis

The process of organizing, interpreting, and making sense of research data, using appropriate statistical or qualitative analysis techniques.

Research Findings

The results, outcomes, or discoveries obtained from a research study, often presented in the form of tables, figures, or textual descriptions.

Research Conclusion

The final summary or interpretation of research findings, addressing the research objectives or answering the research questions, often accompanied by recommendations or implications.

Research Publication

The process of sharing research findings and insights with the academic or scientific community through peer-reviewed journals, conference papers, or books.

Research Presentation

The communication of research findings and insights to an audience through oral or visual means, such as conference presentations, poster sessions, or multimedia presentations.

Research Communication

The exchange of research information, ideas, and knowledge among researchers, scholars, practitioners, policymakers, and the general public through various channels and platforms.

Research Funding

Financial support provided by funding agencies, organizations, or institutions to conduct research studies, covering expenses such as equipment, materials, participant compensation, or researcher salaries.

Research Collaboration

The joint effort and cooperation among researchers, scholars, or institutions to conduct research studies, combining expertise, resources, and perspectives to achieve common research goals.

Research Impact

The influence, significance, or effects of research findings on the academic community, society, policy decisions, or practical applications, often measured through citations, media coverage, or societal changes.

Research Evaluation

The assessment or appraisal of research studies, methodologies, or outcomes to determine their quality, rigor, validity, reliability, or contribution to knowledge.

Research Ethics Committee

An independent body or board responsible for reviewing and approving research studies involving human participants, ensuring ethical standards and participant protection.

Research Methodology Workshop

A training or educational program that provides researchers with knowledge, skills, and practical guidance on research design, methods, data analysis, or ethical considerations.

Research Design and Methods Quiz

A test or assessment to evaluate knowledge and understanding of research design, methods, terminology, and ethical considerations.