Philosophy Identity Theory Questions
There are three main versions of Identity Theory in philosophy:
1. Type Identity Theory: This version posits that mental states are identical to specific types of brain states. It suggests that each mental state, such as pain or desire, can be identified with a particular type of physical state in the brain. For example, the feeling of pain may be identified with a specific pattern of neural firing in the brain.
2. Token Identity Theory: This version argues that mental states are identical to specific token physical states. It suggests that each individual mental state is identical to a particular physical state in the brain. Unlike type identity theory, token identity theory allows for multiple physical states to be associated with the same mental state. For example, two individuals experiencing pain may have different neural firing patterns, but their mental state of pain is still considered identical.
3. Functionalism: This version proposes that mental states are defined by their functional roles or relationships rather than specific physical states. It suggests that mental states are determined by the inputs, outputs, and internal processes that occur within a system. Functionalism allows for mental states to be realized by different physical states in different organisms or even artificial systems. It focuses on the functional aspects of mental states rather than their specific physical properties.