Philosophy Applied Ethics Questions
Ethical egoism and psychological egoism are two distinct theories in the field of ethics.
Ethical egoism is a normative ethical theory that asserts individuals ought to act in their own self-interest. According to ethical egoism, individuals should always prioritize their own well-being and happiness above the well-being of others. This theory suggests that it is morally right for individuals to pursue their own self-interest, even if it means disregarding the interests or well-being of others.
On the other hand, psychological egoism is a descriptive theory that claims individuals are inherently self-interested and always act in their own self-interest, regardless of their intentions or beliefs. Psychological egoism argues that all human actions are ultimately motivated by self-interest, even if they appear to be altruistic or selfless on the surface.
In summary, the main difference between ethical egoism and psychological egoism lies in their focus. Ethical egoism prescribes how individuals should act, advocating for self-interest as the morally right course of action. Psychological egoism, on the other hand, describes how individuals actually behave, asserting that all actions are ultimately driven by self-interest.