What is the difference between ethical egoism and altruism in ethical theories?

Philosophy Applied Ethics Questions



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What is the difference between ethical egoism and altruism in ethical theories?

Ethical egoism and altruism are two contrasting ethical theories that focus on the motivations and actions of individuals.

Ethical egoism is a theory that asserts that individuals should always act in their own self-interest. According to this theory, individuals are morally obligated to prioritize their own well-being and happiness above the well-being of others. Ethical egoists believe that it is morally acceptable to pursue one's own desires and goals, even if it means disregarding the needs or interests of others.

On the other hand, altruism is an ethical theory that emphasizes selflessness and the concern for the well-being of others. Altruists believe that individuals have a moral duty to act in ways that benefit others, even if it means sacrificing their own interests or desires. Altruism promotes the idea of empathy, compassion, and the belief that individuals should strive to alleviate the suffering of others.

In summary, the main difference between ethical egoism and altruism lies in their respective focus on self-interest and concern for others. Ethical egoism prioritizes the individual's own well-being, while altruism emphasizes the well-being and welfare of others.