Philosophy Applied Ethics Questions
Consequentialism and utilitarianism are both ethical theories that focus on the consequences of actions. However, there is a subtle difference between the two.
Consequentialism is a broader ethical theory that states that the morality of an action is determined solely by its consequences. It holds that the rightness or wrongness of an action is based on the overall outcome it produces. Consequentialism does not prescribe a specific set of principles or rules to follow, but rather emphasizes the importance of considering the consequences of one's actions.
On the other hand, utilitarianism is a specific form of consequentialism that focuses on maximizing overall happiness or well-being. It argues that the morally right action is the one that produces the greatest amount of happiness for the greatest number of people. Utilitarianism introduces the concept of the "greatest happiness principle" and suggests that actions should be evaluated based on their ability to promote the greatest overall happiness.
In summary, while consequentialism is a broader ethical theory that considers the consequences of actions, utilitarianism is a specific form of consequentialism that prioritizes maximizing overall happiness or well-being.