Philosophy Mind Body Problem Study Cards

Enhance Your Learning with Philosophy - Mind-Body Problem Flash Cards for quick learning



Mind-Body Problem

The philosophical problem concerning the relationship between the mind and the body, and the nature of their interaction.

Dualism

The belief that the mind and the body are two distinct substances, with the mind being non-physical and the body being physical.

Materialism

The belief that everything, including the mind, can be explained in terms of physical matter and its properties.

Idealism

The belief that reality is fundamentally mental or spiritual in nature, and that the mind is the ultimate reality.

Monism

The belief that there is only one fundamental substance or principle, which can be either physical or mental.

Interactionism

The belief that the mind and the body interact causally, with mental events influencing physical events and vice versa.

Epiphenomenalism

The belief that mental events are caused by physical events, but they have no causal influence on physical events.

Identity Theory

The belief that mental states are identical to brain states, and that mental processes can be fully explained by neurophysiological processes.

Functionalism

The belief that mental states are defined by their functional role or causal relations, rather than by their physical or neurophysiological properties.

Qualia

The subjective or qualitative aspects of conscious experience, such as the redness of a red object or the taste of chocolate.

Consciousness

The state or quality of awareness, self-awareness, or the ability to experience and perceive.

Free Will

The belief that individuals have the ability to make choices and decisions that are not determined by external factors or pre-existing conditions.

Determinism

The belief that all events, including human actions, are ultimately determined by causes external to the will.

Physicalism

The belief that everything that exists is physical in nature, and that mental states can be fully explained by physical processes.

Phenomenalism

The belief that physical objects and events are reducible to or dependent on our perceptions or experiences of them.

Reductive Physicalism

The belief that mental states can be fully reduced to or explained by physical states or processes.

Non-Reductive Physicalism

The belief that mental states cannot be fully reduced to or explained by physical states or processes, but they are still dependent on them.

Eliminative Materialism

The belief that common-sense mental concepts and explanations will eventually be eliminated or replaced by neuroscientific concepts and explanations.

Property Dualism

The belief that mental properties are ontologically distinct from physical properties, but they are still dependent on physical properties.

Predicate Dualism

The belief that mental predicates or descriptions cannot be reduced to or translated into physical predicates or descriptions.

Panpsychism

The belief that consciousness or mind is a fundamental feature of the universe, and that all physical entities have some level of consciousness.

Emergentism

The belief that mental properties or phenomena emerge from or arise out of complex physical systems or processes.

Supervenience

The relationship between mental and physical properties, where any change in mental properties must be accompanied by a corresponding change in physical properties.

Cartesian Dualism

The dualistic philosophy proposed by René Descartes, which posits a fundamental distinction between the mind and the body.

Substance Dualism

The belief that the mind and the body are two distinct substances, with the mind being non-physical and the body being physical.

Mind-Body Problem in Ancient Philosophy

The exploration of the mind-body problem in the works of ancient philosophers, such as Plato and Aristotle.

Mind-Body Problem in Modern Philosophy

The exploration of the mind-body problem in the works of modern philosophers, such as Descartes, Leibniz, and Spinoza.

Mind-Body Problem in Contemporary Philosophy

The exploration of the mind-body problem in the works of contemporary philosophers, such as Nagel, Chalmers, and Searle.

Philosophical Theories of Mind

The various philosophical theories and perspectives on the nature and functioning of the mind, including dualism, materialism, and idealism.

Philosophical Explanations of Consciousness

The philosophical attempts to explain the nature and origins of consciousness, including theories of qualia, self-awareness, and phenomenal experience.

Philosophical Perspectives on Free Will

The philosophical debates and theories regarding the existence and nature of free will, determinism, and moral responsibility.

Philosophical Approaches to Determinism

The philosophical examinations of determinism and its implications for human agency, responsibility, and the nature of reality.

Philosophical Accounts of Physicalism

The philosophical accounts and arguments in favor of physicalism, the belief that everything that exists is physical in nature.

Philosophical Critiques of Materialism

The philosophical critiques and challenges to materialism, the belief that everything, including the mind, can be explained in terms of physical matter.

Philosophical Arguments for Dualism

The philosophical arguments and reasoning in favor of dualism, the belief that the mind and the body are two distinct substances.

Philosophical Challenges to Dualism

The philosophical challenges and objections raised against dualism, including the problem of interaction and the problem of mental causation.

Philosophical Theories of Personal Identity

The philosophical theories and debates concerning the nature and persistence of personal identity over time, including psychological and bodily continuity.

Philosophical Investigations of Qualia

The philosophical investigations and discussions of qualia, the subjective or qualitative aspects of conscious experience.

Philosophical Debates on Consciousness

The philosophical debates and controversies surrounding the nature, origins, and metaphysical status of consciousness.

Philosophical Perspectives on Mental Causation

The philosophical perspectives and theories regarding the causal relationship between mental events and physical events.

Philosophical Explorations of Emergence

The philosophical explorations and theories of emergence, the idea that mental properties or phenomena emerge from complex physical systems or processes.

Philosophical Analysis of Supervenience

The philosophical analysis and discussions of supervenience, the relationship between mental and physical properties.

Philosophical Considerations of Panpsychism

The philosophical considerations and arguments in favor of panpsychism, the belief that consciousness or mind is a fundamental feature of the universe.

Philosophical Approaches to Reductionism

The philosophical approaches and theories regarding reductionism, the belief that complex phenomena can be explained by reducing them to simpler or more fundamental components.

Philosophical Accounts of Epiphenomenalism

The philosophical accounts and arguments in favor of epiphenomenalism, the belief that mental events are caused by physical events, but they have no causal influence on physical events.

Philosophical Theories of Mind-Body Interaction

The philosophical theories and explanations of the interaction between the mind and the body, including interactionism and parallelism.

Philosophical Interpretations of Idealism

The philosophical interpretations and theories of idealism, the belief that reality is fundamentally mental or spiritual in nature.

Philosophical Examinations of Monism

The philosophical examinations and theories of monism, the belief that there is only one fundamental substance or principle.