Anti-Apartheid Movement MCQ Test 1

1. What impact did the Treason Trial (1956-1961) have on the Anti-Apartheid Movement, and who were the accused?

2. Who coined the term 'Apartheid' and played a crucial role in implementing the discriminatory policies in South Africa?

3. What strategy did the Anti-Apartheid Movement employ to garner international support, including cultural and sports boycotts?

4. Which organization, founded in 1960, aimed to provide legal aid to those arrested for opposing apartheid policies?

5. Who was the Archbishop and Nobel Peace Prize laureate known for his vocal opposition to apartheid and advocacy for reconciliation?

6. Which iconic leader served as the first black president of South Africa, symbolizing the end of apartheid?

7. Which international sporting event became a significant target for anti-apartheid protests, leading to increased isolation of South Africa?

8. Which international movement called for economic and cultural sanctions against South Africa as a form of protest against apartheid?

9. What was the impact of the 1989 End Conscription Campaign, and what did it signify in the context of apartheid resistance?

10. Which leader played a key role in the negotiations to end apartheid, leading to the establishment of a democratic South Africa?

11. What was the significance of the Alexandra Bus Boycott in 1957, and what did it protest against?

12. Who was the wife of Nelson Mandela and a prominent anti-apartheid activist in her own right?

13. Which event in 1994 marked the end of apartheid and the beginning of democratic elections in South Africa?

14. What was the primary focus of the Black Consciousness Movement led by Steve Biko?

15. What student-led uprising in 1976 became a symbol of resistance against the enforced use of Afrikaans in schools and police brutality?

16. Which organization, formed in 1983, aimed to unite various anti-apartheid groups and streamline efforts against the apartheid regime?

17. What was the significance of the Langa Massacre in 1985?

18. Which South African president began the process of dismantling apartheid and negotiated the end of minority rule?

19. What role did Ruth First play in the Anti-Apartheid Movement, and how did her activism impact the struggle?

20. What was the term used for the policy of racial segregation and discrimination against the non-white population in South Africa?

21. What term is used to describe the forced removal of non-white South Africans from their homes to create racially segregated urban areas?

22. What was the main goal of the Black Consciousness Movement led by Steve Biko?

23. Which event marked a turning point in international awareness and condemnation of apartheid, leading to increased pressure on South Africa?

24. Who was Joe Slovo, and what role did he play in the struggle against apartheid?

25. Which African nationalist leader was the first president of independent Mozambique and supported the Anti-Apartheid Movement?

26. What was the objective of the Defiance Campaign led by the African National Congress (ANC) in the early 1950s?

27. Who were the leaders tried alongside Nelson Mandela in the Rivonia Trial, and what were their roles in the Anti-Apartheid Movement?

28. Who was the prominent leader and symbol of the Anti-Apartheid Movement, known for his long imprisonment and eventual presidency of South Africa?

29. What was the Bantu Education Act, and how did it impact the education system in South Africa during apartheid?

30. Which African nationalist leader and founder of the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) was a prominent anti-apartheid activist?

31. Which significant event in 1976 involved students protesting against the use of Afrikaans as the medium of instruction in schools?

32. Who was the leader of the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) and a key figure in the Anti-Apartheid Movement?

33. Who coined the term 'Rainbow Nation' and what does it symbolize in the context of post-apartheid South Africa?

34. What was Operation Vula, and what role did it play in the latter stages of the Anti-Apartheid Movement?

35. Which event in 1985 declared a state of emergency in South Africa, leading to increased government repression and anti-apartheid activism?

36. What was the role of Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) in the Anti-Apartheid Movement, and who was its founding leader?

37. Who were the key architects behind the formation of the Black Consciousness Movement, and what year was it officially established?

38. What role did the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) play in post-apartheid South Africa?

39. Which South African president received the Nobel Peace Prize alongside Nelson Mandela for their efforts to dismantle apartheid?

40. What was the outcome of the Rivonia Trial in 1964, where Nelson Mandela and others were sentenced?

41. What role did the Black Sash organization play in the Anti-Apartheid Movement?

42. What was the significance of the Sharpeville Massacre in 1960?

43. Who was the founder of the Black Consciousness Movement, known for his philosophical writings and activism against apartheid?

44. What term is used to describe the system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination enforced by the South African government from 1948 to the early 1990s?

45. What was the significance of the 1952 Defiance Campaign, and which organization played a key role in its initiation?

46. Which anti-apartheid activist and leader of the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) was assassinated in 1993?

47. What role did the 1986 Economic Sanctions play in the dismantling of apartheid, and which nations played a key role in imposing them?

48. Which document, adopted in 1955, outlined the principles of the Anti-Apartheid Movement and called for a nonracial and democratic South Africa?

49. Which anti-apartheid activist and ANC leader served as the first black Archbishop of Cape Town and Bishop of Johannesburg?

50. Which organization, founded in 1912, played a key role in the Anti-Apartheid Movement and later became a political party in South Africa?