What were the key diplomatic developments during the Velvet Revolution?

During the Velvet Revolution, which took place in Czechoslovakia from November to December 1989, several key diplomatic developments played a crucial role in the peaceful transition of power. These developments included:

1. Dialogue between the Communist Party and Civic Forum: As the revolution gained momentum, the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia engaged in negotiations with Civic Forum, a coalition of opposition groups led by Václav Havel. This dialogue aimed to address the demands for political reforms and a transition to democracy.

2. Resignation of the Communist government: In response to the growing pressure from the revolution, the Communist government, led by General Secretary Miloš Jakeš, resigned on November 24, 1989. This move was a significant diplomatic development as it signaled the willingness of the ruling party to step down and paved the way for a peaceful transition of power.

3. Formation of a transitional government: Following the resignation of the Communist government, a transitional government was formed, led by Prime Minister Marián Čalfa. This government included representatives from both the Communist Party and Civic Forum, ensuring a balanced approach to the political transition.

4. Negotiations with the Soviet Union: Diplomatic efforts were also directed towards the Soviet Union, which had historically exerted influence over Czechoslovakia. Czechoslovak leaders, including Václav Havel, engaged in discussions with Soviet officials to ensure their support for the peaceful transition and to prevent any potential military intervention.

5. International recognition and support: The Velvet Revolution received significant attention and support from the international community. Diplomatic efforts were made to secure recognition and support from Western countries, which played a crucial role in legitimizing the new government and ensuring a smooth transition.

These key diplomatic developments during the Velvet Revolution helped facilitate a peaceful transition of power in Czechoslovakia, leading to the establishment of a democratic government and the eventual dissolution of the Communist regime.