History The Universal Declaration Of Human Rights Questions Long
The right to be free from torture and cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment is a fundamental human right recognized and protected by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). This right is enshrined in Article 5 of the UDHR, which states that "No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment."
This right emphasizes the inherent dignity and worth of every individual, regardless of their race, gender, nationality, or any other characteristic. It prohibits any form of torture or mistreatment that causes severe physical or mental pain, suffering, or humiliation.
Torture refers to the intentional infliction of severe physical or mental pain or suffering by a public official or someone acting with their consent or acquiescence. It includes acts such as beatings, electric shocks, sexual violence, psychological abuse, and any other cruel methods used to extract information, punish, or intimidate individuals.
Cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment encompasses a broader range of actions that may not necessarily reach the level of torture but still violate human dignity. This can include acts such as degrading or humiliating treatment, excessive use of force by law enforcement, or subjecting individuals to inhumane conditions in detention facilities.
The right to be free from torture and cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment is considered non-derogable, meaning it cannot be suspended or limited under any circumstances, even during times of war, public emergency, or other exceptional situations. It is an absolute and universal right that applies to all individuals, without discrimination.
The prohibition of torture and cruel treatment is also recognized under international law, including the United Nations Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CAT). States that have ratified the CAT are obligated to prevent, investigate, and punish acts of torture within their jurisdiction.
The right to be free from torture and cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment is essential for the protection of human dignity, physical and mental integrity, and the promotion of a just and humane society. It serves as a cornerstone of human rights and is crucial in ensuring the respect and protection of all individuals' rights and freedoms.