What were the major diplomatic negotiations during the Napoleonic Wars?

During the Napoleonic Wars, several major diplomatic negotiations took place, which played a crucial role in shaping the outcomes of the conflict. Some of the significant diplomatic negotiations during this period include:

1. Treaty of Tilsit (1807): This treaty was signed between Napoleon Bonaparte of France and Tsar Alexander I of Russia. It marked a significant turning point in the war as it established an alliance between the two powers. The treaty divided Europe into spheres of influence, with France gaining control over most of the continent.

2. Congress of Vienna (1814-1815): This diplomatic conference was held after Napoleon's defeat and aimed to restore stability and balance of power in Europe. Representatives from major European powers, including Austria, Russia, Prussia, and Great Britain, negotiated the terms of peace and redrew the map of Europe. The Congress of Vienna laid the foundation for a new European order that lasted for several decades.

3. Treaty of Fontainebleau (1814): This treaty was signed between Napoleon and the Allied powers, which included Austria, Russia, Prussia, and Great Britain. It forced Napoleon to abdicate as the Emperor of the French and exiled him to the island of Elba. The treaty also established the Bourbon monarchy in France, with Louis XVIII becoming the new king.

4. Treaty of Amiens (1802): This treaty temporarily ended the hostilities between France and Great Britain. It was negotiated by Napoleon and the British government, led by Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger. The treaty recognized French control over most of Europe and allowed for a brief period of peace before the war resumed.

5. Treaties of Tilsit (1807) and Schönbrunn (1809): These treaties were signed between Napoleon and Austria, following the Austrian defeats in the War of the Fifth Coalition. The treaties forced Austria to cede significant territories to France and its allies, further expanding Napoleon's control over Europe.

These major diplomatic negotiations during the Napoleonic Wars played a crucial role in shaping the political landscape of Europe, redrawing borders, and establishing new alliances and power dynamics.