What were the major Mayan architectural styles and structures?

The Mayan civilization is renowned for its impressive architectural styles and structures. Some of the major architectural styles and structures of the Mayans include:

1. Pyramids: The Mayans built numerous pyramids, which served as religious and ceremonial centers. These pyramids were usually stepped, with each level representing a different deity or purpose. The most famous Mayan pyramid is the Pyramid of Kukulkan at Chichen Itza, which is also known as El Castillo.

2. Temples: Mayan temples were dedicated to various gods and were often located on top of pyramids. These temples were intricately decorated with intricate carvings and sculptures. The Temple of the Inscriptions in Palenque is a notable example of a Mayan temple.

3. Palaces: Mayan palaces were grand structures that served as the residences of the ruling elite. These palaces were often multi-story buildings with courtyards, rooms for administrative purposes, and living quarters. The Palace of Palenque is a well-preserved example of a Mayan palace.

4. Ballcourts: The Mayans were avid players of the Mesoamerican ballgame, and they constructed ballcourts for this purpose. These ballcourts were large, open-air structures with sloping walls and often had elaborate carvings and sculptures. The Great Ballcourt at Chichen Itza is the largest and most famous Mayan ballcourt.

5. Observatories: The Mayans were skilled astronomers, and they built observatories to study celestial events. These observatories were usually round or rectangular structures with small openings aligned to specific astronomical phenomena. The Caracol in Chichen Itza is a well-known Mayan observatory.

6. Stelae: Stelae were tall, stone monuments that were carved with intricate hieroglyphic inscriptions and depicted important historical events or rulers. These monuments were often placed in plazas or near temples. The Stela D at Quirigua in Guatemala is a notable example of a Mayan stela.

These architectural styles and structures not only showcased the Mayans' advanced engineering and artistic skills but also served important religious, political, and cultural purposes within their society.