Describe the Mayan system of governance and political organization.

The Mayan civilization had a complex system of governance and political organization. At its peak, the Mayan civilization consisted of numerous city-states, each with its own ruler or king. These city-states were often in competition with one another, leading to frequent warfare.

The political structure of the Mayan civilization was hierarchical, with the king at the top of the social and political order. The king was considered to be a divine ruler, believed to have been chosen by the gods. The king's authority was absolute, and he was responsible for maintaining order, leading military campaigns, and overseeing religious ceremonies.

Below the king, there was a noble class that held significant power and influence. The nobles served as advisors to the king and held important administrative positions within the city-state. They were also responsible for collecting taxes, managing trade, and overseeing the construction of monumental architecture.

Beneath the nobles, there was a large population of commoners who were primarily engaged in agriculture. The commoners worked the land and paid taxes to the nobles and the king. They also served as laborers for various construction projects and participated in military campaigns when needed.

The Mayan political system also included a council of elders or nobles who assisted the king in making important decisions. This council provided advice and guidance on matters of governance, warfare, and religious rituals.

Religion played a significant role in the Mayan political system. The king was not only a political leader but also a religious figure. The Mayans believed that the king had a direct connection with the gods and was responsible for maintaining a harmonious relationship between the human and divine realms. Religious rituals and ceremonies were conducted regularly to appease the gods and ensure the well-being of the civilization.

Overall, the Mayan system of governance and political organization was characterized by a centralized authority under the divine rule of the king. The hierarchical structure, with the king at the top, nobles in the middle, and commoners at the bottom, ensured social order and stability within the Mayan city-states.