What were the military strategies employed during the Hundred Years War?

During the Hundred Years War, both the English and French employed various military strategies to gain an advantage over their opponents. These strategies included:

1. Longbow Tactics: The English army heavily relied on the longbow, a powerful weapon that had a longer range and higher accuracy compared to the French crossbows. English archers formed a defensive line and unleashed a barrage of arrows, causing significant casualties among the enemy ranks.

2. Siege Warfare: Both sides utilized siege warfare extensively during the conflict. Castles and fortified cities were besieged, with the attacking army surrounding the stronghold, cutting off supplies, and launching assaults to breach the defenses. This strategy aimed to weaken the enemy's position and force them to surrender.

3. Naval Warfare: The English navy played a crucial role in the war, as they controlled the English Channel and used their fleet to transport troops and supplies. They also conducted naval raids along the French coast, disrupting trade and causing economic damage.

4. Guerrilla Warfare: The French employed guerrilla tactics, known as chevauchée, to harass and weaken the English forces. Small groups of French soldiers would conduct hit-and-run attacks, burning villages, destroying crops, and disrupting supply lines. This strategy aimed to demoralize the enemy and limit their ability to sustain a prolonged campaign.

5. Field Battles: Both sides engaged in traditional field battles, where armies clashed in open combat. These battles often involved the use of cavalry charges, infantry formations, and the deployment of various weapons. The outcome of these battles played a significant role in shaping the course of the war.

6. Diplomatic Alliances: Throughout the war, both England and France sought alliances with other European powers to gain military support and resources. These alliances often influenced the strategies employed, as they could lead to joint military campaigns or the diversion of enemy forces.

Overall, the military strategies employed during the Hundred Years War were diverse and evolved over time as both sides adapted to the changing nature of warfare. The conflict witnessed the use of innovative tactics, such as the English longbow, alongside traditional methods like siege warfare and field battles.