What were the key sieges during the Hundred Years War?

During the Hundred Years War, several key sieges took place that had significant impacts on the outcome of the conflict. Some of the most notable sieges include:

1. Siege of Calais (1346-1347): This was one of the earliest and most important sieges of the war. After the English victory at the Battle of Crécy, they laid siege to the port city of Calais. The siege lasted for almost a year, and the English eventually captured the city, which remained under their control for over two centuries.

2. Siege of Orléans (1428-1429): This siege is considered a turning point in the war. The English, led by the Duke of Bedford, besieged the city of Orléans, which was a strategic stronghold for the French. However, the French forces, led by Joan of Arc, successfully defended the city and eventually lifted the siege, boosting French morale and leading to their eventual victory in the war.

3. Siege of Rouen (1418-1419): This siege was a major English victory and marked a significant turning point in the war. The English, led by King Henry V, laid siege to the city of Rouen, which was one of the largest and wealthiest cities in France. After several months of intense fighting and starvation, the city surrendered to the English, giving them control over a significant portion of northern France.

4. Siege of Harfleur (1415): This siege was the first major military action of the war. The English, led by King Henry V, besieged the port city of Harfleur in Normandy. The siege lasted for over a month, and although the English were successful in capturing the city, they suffered heavy casualties due to disease and combat, which weakened their forces for future battles.

5. Siege of Bordeaux (1451-1453): This siege marked the final major conflict of the Hundred Years War. The French, led by Charles VII, laid siege to the city of Bordeaux, which was one of the last remaining English strongholds in France. After a lengthy siege, the city surrendered to the French, effectively ending English control over French territories and concluding the war.

These sieges played crucial roles in shaping the outcome of the Hundred Years War, with victories and defeats on both sides ultimately leading to the French reclaiming their territories and establishing their dominance in the region.