What were the key diplomatic efforts during the Hundred Years War?

What were the key diplomatic efforts during the Hundred Years War?

During the Hundred Years War, several key diplomatic efforts were made in an attempt to resolve the conflict and establish peace between England and France. These efforts can be categorized into three main phases:

1. The Truce of Espléchin (1340): This truce was signed between England and France in 1340, marking the first diplomatic effort to halt the hostilities. It was a temporary agreement that aimed to ease tensions and establish a period of peace, allowing both sides to regroup and negotiate further.

2. The Treaty of Brétigny (1360): This treaty was a significant diplomatic achievement during the Hundred Years War. It was signed between England's King Edward III and France's King John II in 1360. The treaty recognized Edward III as the rightful ruler of extensive territories in France, including Aquitaine, Calais, and Ponthieu. In return, Edward III renounced his claim to the French crown. The treaty also secured the release of King John II, who had been captured by the English during the war. However, the peace established by the Treaty of Brétigny was short-lived, as hostilities resumed in 1369.

3. The Congress of Arras (1435): This diplomatic effort took place towards the end of the Hundred Years War and aimed to negotiate a lasting peace between England and France. The Congress of Arras was attended by representatives from both sides, as well as Burgundy, which had been an ally of England. The negotiations resulted in the Treaty of Arras, which recognized Charles VII as the legitimate King of France and effectively ended Burgundy's alliance with England. This treaty marked a turning point in the war, as it weakened England's position and strengthened France's unity.

These diplomatic efforts during the Hundred Years War highlight the continuous attempts made by both sides to find a peaceful resolution to the conflict. However, the war persisted for several more decades, with intermittent periods of peace and renewed hostilities, until it finally concluded in 1453.