What were the major Byzantine architectural wonders?

The Byzantine Empire was known for its impressive architectural wonders, which showcased the empire's wealth, power, and religious devotion. Some of the major Byzantine architectural wonders include:

1. Hagia Sophia: One of the most iconic Byzantine structures, Hagia Sophia in Constantinople (present-day Istanbul) was originally built as a Christian cathedral in the 6th century. It later served as a mosque and is now a museum. Hagia Sophia is renowned for its massive dome, intricate mosaics, and innovative architectural design.

2. The Great Palace of Constantinople: Located in the heart of Constantinople, the Great Palace was the imperial residence of Byzantine emperors for over 800 years. It consisted of numerous buildings, gardens, and courtyards, showcasing the opulence and grandeur of the Byzantine court.

3. Chora Church: Also known as the Church of the Holy Saviour in Chora, this Byzantine church in Constantinople is famous for its stunning mosaics and frescoes depicting biblical scenes. The intricate artwork and architectural details make it a remarkable example of Byzantine religious architecture.

4. Basilica Cistern: An underground water reservoir built during the reign of Emperor Justinian I, the Basilica Cistern is an engineering marvel. It features rows of columns, including two Medusa heads, supporting the ceiling, creating a mystical atmosphere.

5. Walls of Constantinople: The Byzantine Empire's capital, Constantinople, was protected by massive defensive walls that stretched for over 13 miles. These walls, built and expanded over centuries, played a crucial role in defending the city against numerous sieges and invasions.

6. Monastery of St. Catherine: Located at the foot of Mount Sinai in Egypt, the Monastery of St. Catherine is one of the oldest Christian monasteries in the world. It features a fortress-like exterior and houses a significant collection of religious artifacts and manuscripts.

These architectural wonders not only served practical purposes but also reflected the Byzantine Empire's cultural and religious identity, leaving a lasting impact on the history of architecture.