What were the key organizations and groups involved in the Anti-Apartheid Movement?

The Anti-Apartheid Movement involved various organizations and groups that played a crucial role in opposing and fighting against the apartheid regime in South Africa. Some of the key organizations and groups involved in the movement include:

1. African National Congress (ANC): The ANC was one of the most prominent and influential organizations in the Anti-Apartheid Movement. It was founded in 1912 and led the struggle against apartheid, advocating for equal rights and freedom for all South Africans.

2. South African Communist Party (SACP): The SACP played a significant role in the Anti-Apartheid Movement, particularly in mobilizing support and organizing protests against the apartheid regime. It worked closely with the ANC and other organizations to challenge the racial segregation policies.

3. United Democratic Front (UDF): The UDF was formed in 1983 as a coalition of various anti-apartheid organizations, including trade unions, student groups, and religious organizations. It played a crucial role in coordinating protests, boycotts, and civil disobedience campaigns against apartheid.

4. African National Congress Youth League (ANCYL): The ANCYL was the youth wing of the ANC and played a vital role in mobilizing young people in the struggle against apartheid. It organized protests, marches, and youth-led campaigns to challenge the apartheid regime.

5. Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU): COSATU was a federation of trade unions that actively opposed apartheid policies and fought for workers' rights. It played a significant role in organizing strikes, boycotts, and economic pressure campaigns against the apartheid government.

6. International Anti-Apartheid Movement (IAAM): The IAAM was a global network of organizations and individuals that campaigned against apartheid. It mobilized international support, organized boycotts, and lobbied governments and corporations to impose sanctions on South Africa.

7. Black Consciousness Movement (BCM): The BCM, led by Steve Biko, advocated for black pride, self-determination, and resistance against apartheid. It played a crucial role in empowering black South Africans and challenging the racist ideology of the apartheid regime.

These organizations and groups, along with many others, worked collectively to raise awareness, mobilize support, and actively resist the apartheid regime in South Africa. Their efforts contributed significantly to the eventual dismantling of apartheid and the establishment of a democratic South Africa.