History The Age Of Exploration Questions Medium
During the Age of Exploration, several major technological advancements in navigation instruments greatly facilitated the exploration and expansion of European powers. These advancements include:
1. Astrolabe: The astrolabe, an ancient instrument, was refined and improved during the Age of Exploration. It allowed sailors to determine their latitude by measuring the angle between the horizon and celestial bodies, particularly the sun or stars. This instrument greatly enhanced navigational accuracy.
2. Compass: The compass, invented in China and introduced to Europe during the Middle Ages, became an essential tool for navigation during the Age of Exploration. It provided sailors with a reliable method to determine their direction, regardless of the weather or visibility conditions.
3. Quadrant: The quadrant, a precursor to the astrolabe, was widely used during the Age of Exploration. It allowed sailors to measure the altitude of celestial bodies, enabling them to determine their latitude.
4. Cross-staff: The cross-staff, also known as the Jacob's staff, was a simple instrument used to measure the angle between the horizon and celestial bodies. It provided a less complex alternative to the astrolabe and quadrant.
5. Backstaff: The backstaff, developed in the late 16th century, was an improvement over the cross-staff. It allowed sailors to measure the altitude of the sun without directly looking at it, reducing the risk of eye damage.
6. Chronometer: In the 18th century, the invention of the chronometer revolutionized navigation. This precise timekeeping device allowed sailors to accurately determine their longitude by comparing local time with the time at a known reference point, such as Greenwich, England.
These technological advancements in navigation instruments during the Age of Exploration greatly improved the accuracy and reliability of navigation, enabling explorers to venture into unknown territories and establish new trade routes around the world.