History Mahatma Gandhi Questions Medium
Mahatma Gandhi's philosophy of nonviolence, also known as Satyagraha, was shaped by several major influences throughout his life. These influences played a crucial role in shaping his beliefs and guiding his actions towards achieving social and political change through peaceful means.
1. Jainism: One of the earliest and most significant influences on Gandhi's philosophy of nonviolence was Jainism, an ancient Indian religion that emphasizes nonviolence towards all living beings. Gandhi was deeply influenced by Jain teachings, particularly the principle of ahimsa (nonviolence) and the idea that all life is interconnected. He adopted these principles and incorporated them into his own philosophy.
2. Hinduism: As a devout Hindu, Gandhi drew inspiration from various Hindu scriptures and teachings. The Bhagavad Gita, in particular, had a profound impact on him. He believed in the concept of dharma (duty) and saw nonviolence as the highest form of dharma. Gandhi also embraced the Hindu belief in the unity of all religions and sought to promote religious harmony through his nonviolent approach.
3. Christianity: Gandhi was exposed to Christian teachings during his time in South Africa, where he encountered the works of Jesus Christ and the Sermon on the Mount. He was deeply moved by the principles of love, forgiveness, and turning the other cheek. These teachings reinforced his commitment to nonviolence and influenced his belief in the power of love and compassion as transformative forces.
4. Western Philosophers: Gandhi was also influenced by various Western philosophers, including Henry David Thoreau and Leo Tolstoy. Thoreau's essay "Civil Disobedience" inspired Gandhi's concept of satyagraha, which emphasized the power of truth and nonviolent resistance against unjust laws. Tolstoy's writings on nonviolence and moral resistance further shaped Gandhi's philosophy.
5. Personal Experiences: Gandhi's own experiences of racial discrimination and injustice in South Africa played a significant role in shaping his philosophy of nonviolence. These experiences fueled his determination to fight against oppression and inequality through peaceful means. Gandhi believed that nonviolence was not only a political strategy but also a way of life that required personal discipline and self-sacrifice.
In conclusion, Mahatma Gandhi's philosophy of nonviolence was influenced by Jainism, Hinduism, Christianity, Western philosophers, and his own personal experiences. These influences shaped his belief in the power of nonviolence as a means to achieve social and political change, and his commitment to truth, love, and compassion as guiding principles.