What were the major architectural features of Ancient Roman houses?

The major architectural features of Ancient Roman houses included several key elements that were characteristic of their design and layout.

1. Atrium: The atrium was the central open space in the house, usually located near the entrance. It served as a reception area and was often adorned with decorative elements such as statues, fountains, and mosaics.

2. Peristyle: The peristyle was an open courtyard surrounded by columns, typically located at the rear of the house. It provided a private outdoor space for the residents and was often decorated with gardens, sculptures, and water features.

3. Tablinum: The tablinum was a formal room located between the atrium and the peristyle. It served as a study or office space for the head of the household and was often adorned with family portraits and important documents.

4. Impluvium: The impluvium was a shallow pool located in the atrium, designed to collect rainwater. It not only provided a source of water but also helped to cool the house during hot weather.

5. Domus: The domus was the main living area of the house, consisting of various rooms such as bedrooms, dining rooms, and living spaces. These rooms were often arranged around the atrium and peristyle, with larger houses having multiple floors.

6. Mosaics and Frescoes: Ancient Roman houses were known for their intricate mosaics and frescoes, which adorned the walls and floors. These decorative elements depicted various scenes from mythology, nature, and everyday life, showcasing the artistic and cultural achievements of the time.

7. Hypocaust System: Many Roman houses had a hypocaust system, which was an underfloor heating system. This involved a network of channels and pipes that circulated hot air from a furnace, providing warmth to the rooms during colder months.

Overall, Ancient Roman houses were characterized by their emphasis on open spaces, natural light, and decorative elements. They were designed to accommodate the needs of the residents while showcasing their wealth and social status.