What were the religious beliefs and practices during the British Raj in India?

During the British Raj in India, there were various religious beliefs and practices that coexisted. The British rule had a significant impact on the religious landscape of India, leading to the introduction of new ideas and the transformation of existing religious practices.

One of the major religious beliefs during this period was Hinduism, which remained the dominant religion in India. However, the British rule also brought about the spread of Christianity, particularly among the educated elite and the lower castes who sought social mobility. Christian missionaries established schools, hospitals, and churches, aiming to convert Indians to Christianity.

Another religious belief that gained prominence during the British Raj was Islam. Muslims in India continued to practice their faith, and the British administration recognized and respected Islamic customs and traditions. However, tensions between Hindus and Muslims also increased during this period, leading to the eventual partition of India in 1947.

Sikhism, a religion that originated in Punjab, also played a significant role during the British Raj. Sikhs maintained their distinct religious identity and actively participated in political and social movements against British rule.

Additionally, the British Raj witnessed the rise of various reform movements within Hinduism. Leaders like Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Swami Vivekananda advocated for social and religious reforms, challenging traditional practices such as sati (widow burning) and caste discrimination.

Overall, the religious beliefs and practices during the British Raj in India were diverse and dynamic. While Hinduism remained the majority religion, the influence of Christianity, Islam, and Sikhism also grew. The period also witnessed the emergence of reform movements within Hinduism, reflecting the changing religious landscape influenced by British colonial rule.