History Ancient India Questions Medium
The urban planning and infrastructure of Harappa and Mohenjo-daro, two major cities of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization, were highly advanced for their time. Both cities were meticulously planned and designed, showcasing a remarkable level of organization and engineering prowess.
In terms of urban planning, both Harappa and Mohenjo-daro featured a grid-like layout with well-defined streets and blocks. The cities were divided into different sectors, each with its own specific purpose. The streets were laid out in a north-south and east-west orientation, intersecting at right angles, which facilitated easy movement and navigation within the cities.
The infrastructure of these cities was also quite impressive. Both Harappa and Mohenjo-daro had a sophisticated drainage system, which was a remarkable feat of engineering. The cities were equipped with an extensive network of underground drains and sewers, made of baked clay pipes, that efficiently carried away waste and rainwater. This advanced drainage system helped maintain cleanliness and hygiene within the cities.
Additionally, both cities had well-built houses made of baked bricks, with multiple rooms and courtyards. The houses were often two or three stories high, indicating a dense population. The streets were lined with houses, and some of them had private wells and bathrooms, suggesting a high level of urban planning and provision of basic amenities.
Furthermore, both Harappa and Mohenjo-daro had public buildings and structures that showcased the civilization's architectural prowess. These included large granaries, public baths, assembly halls, and even a Great Bath in Mohenjo-daro. The Great Bath was a massive water tank built with bricks and lined with a waterproof material, possibly bitumen. It is believed to have been used for ritualistic bathing or as a communal pool.
Overall, the urban planning and infrastructure of Harappa and Mohenjo-daro were highly advanced for their time. The cities exhibited a well-organized layout, efficient drainage systems, well-built houses, and impressive public structures. These achievements highlight the sophistication and engineering skills of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization.