History Ancient India Questions Long
The main economic activities of the Indus Valley Civilization were agriculture, trade, and craftsmanship.
Agriculture played a crucial role in the economy of the Indus Valley Civilization. The people of this civilization were skilled farmers who cultivated a variety of crops, including wheat, barley, rice, and various vegetables. They developed advanced irrigation systems, such as canals and wells, to ensure a steady water supply for their fields. The fertile soil of the Indus River basin allowed for successful agricultural practices, leading to surplus food production.
Trade was another significant economic activity in the Indus Valley Civilization. The people of this civilization engaged in long-distance trade with regions as far as Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq) and the Persian Gulf. Archaeological evidence, such as seals and pottery, suggests that they had a well-established trade network. They traded a wide range of goods, including agricultural products, textiles, pottery, precious stones, and metals. The presence of standardized weights and measures indicates a sophisticated system of trade and commerce.
Craftsmanship was highly developed in the Indus Valley Civilization. The people were skilled artisans who produced a variety of high-quality crafts. They excelled in pottery making, creating intricate designs and patterns on their pottery. They also produced exquisite jewelry using materials like gold, silver, and precious stones. The civilization is particularly renowned for its craftsmanship in the production of seals, which were used for administrative and commercial purposes. These seals were made of steatite and featured intricate carvings of animals, humans, and various symbols.
Overall, the main economic activities of the Indus Valley Civilization revolved around agriculture, trade, and craftsmanship. These activities not only sustained the civilization but also contributed to its prosperity and cultural development.