What were the major events and outcomes of the Greco-Persian Wars?

The major events of the Greco-Persian Wars were:

1. Ionian Revolt (499-493 BCE): The Ionian Greek city-states in Asia Minor rebelled against Persian rule, seeking independence.

2. Persian Invasions of Greece (490-479 BCE):
- Battle of Marathon (490 BCE): The Athenians successfully repelled the Persian invasion at Marathon, marking a significant victory for the Greeks.
- Battle of Thermopylae (480 BCE): A small Greek force, led by King Leonidas I of Sparta, held off the Persian army for several days but was eventually defeated.
- Battle of Salamis (480 BCE): The Greek navy, led by Themistocles, defeated the Persian fleet, preventing further Persian advances into Greece.
- Battle of Plataea (479 BCE): The Greeks, led by the Spartans, decisively defeated the Persians, ending the Persian threat to Greece.

The outcomes of the Greco-Persian Wars were:

1. Greek Victory: The Greek city-states successfully defended their independence and repelled the Persian invasions, preserving their way of life and culture.

2. Rise of Athens: Athens emerged as the dominant city-state in Greece, both militarily and politically, due to its leadership during the wars.

3. Delian League: In response to the Persian threat, Athens formed the Delian League, an alliance of Greek city-states, which later transformed into an Athenian empire, leading to tensions and conflicts among the Greek city-states.

4. Cultural Impact: The Greco-Persian Wars had a significant impact on Greek culture, fostering a sense of unity and pride among the city-states. This period also witnessed the flourishing of Greek art, literature, and philosophy, known as the Golden Age of Greece.