Earth's Structure and Layers MCQ Test 2

1. What is the term for the bending of light as it passes through different layers of the Earth's atmosphere, creating stunning visual effects like rainbows?

2. What is the Earth's innermost layer composed of?

3. Which mineral is the primary component of Earth's upper mantle and is a major constituent of the Earth's mantle?

4. What is the term for the process by which rocks break down into smaller particles due to weathering?

5. What is the name of the boundary between the Earth's crust and mantle?

6. Which layer of the Earth is characterized by the presence of nickel and iron, contributing to the Earth's magnetic field?

7. Which layer of the Earth is known for its plasticity, allowing the slow movement of tectonic plates?

8. What is the term for a bowl-shaped depression formed by the collapse of a volcano's summit?

9. Which layer of the Earth is associated with the formation of mountain ranges through tectonic processes?

10. Which type of fault occurs when the hanging wall moves downward relative to the footwall?

11. What is the term for a slow, downslope movement of soil and rock material, often influenced by factors like water and vegetation?

12. What is the name of the layer between the Earth's crust and core?

13. Which type of fault is characterized by horizontal movement and a side-to-side displacement of rocks?

14. Which layer of the Earth is characterized by a rigid outer shell divided into several plates that float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere?

15. What is the term for the process of rocks changing from one type to another in response to heat and pressure?

16. Which layer of the Earth is predominantly composed of solid rock that can flow over geological timescales?

17. What is the name of the point on the Earth's surface directly above the earthquake's point of origin?

18. What is the term for the bending or folding of rock layers due to tectonic forces?

19. Which layer of the Earth is characterized by the presence of semi-precious gems and minerals like diamonds?

20. What is the term for the breaking down of rocks into smaller particles due to various natural factors?

21. Which layer of the Earth is responsible for supporting life?

22. Which layer of the Earth is responsible for earthquakes?

23. What is the term for the process of one tectonic plate sliding beneath another at a subduction zone?

24. What is the outermost layer of the Earth?

25. Which type of fault occurs when the hanging wall moves horizontally past the footwall?

26. What is the term for a large underground cavity formed by the dissolution of soluble rocks like limestone?

27. Which layer of the Earth contributes to the formation of mountain ranges?

28. What is the term for the process of breaking down rocks into smaller particles without changing their chemical composition?

29. What is the term for the process of minerals precipitating out of solution in the pore spaces of sediment, binding the particles together?

30. What is the term for the process of adding new material to a tectonic plate's edge, often at convergent boundaries?

31. What is the term for the process of volcanic material accumulating around an opening, forming a mound or hill?

32. What is the primary component of the Earth's atmosphere?

33. Which layer of the Earth is characterized by the presence of convection currents that drive plate tectonics?

34. What is the name of the large, rigid pieces of the Earth's lithosphere that move and interact at tectonic plate boundaries?

35. Which layer of the Earth is composed of solid iron and nickel and is divided into an inner and outer portion?

36. What is the term for the process of tectonic plates colliding and one plate being forced beneath the other?

37. What is the name of the massive ocean ridge system that extends through the Atlantic Ocean?

38. Which layer of the Earth contributes to the formation of landforms like mountains and valleys?

39. What is the Earth's crust made up of?

40. What is the term for the process of rocks changing from one type to another in the Earth's crust?