How can affordable and clean energy be accessed as per Goal 7?

Affordable and clean energy can be accessed as per Goal 7 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through various means:

1. Promoting renewable energy sources: Encouraging the use of renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal power can help provide affordable and clean energy. This can be achieved by implementing policies and incentives that support the development and deployment of renewable energy technologies.

2. Enhancing energy efficiency: Improving energy efficiency in various sectors, including buildings, transportation, and industries, can reduce energy consumption and make clean energy more affordable. This can be done through the adoption of energy-efficient technologies, building codes, and standards.

3. Expanding access to modern energy services: Ensuring universal access to electricity and clean cooking solutions is crucial for achieving Goal 7. This can be achieved by extending electricity grids, promoting decentralized renewable energy systems, and providing affordable and efficient cooking technologies.

4. Investing in research and development: Encouraging research and development in clean energy technologies can lead to innovations that make clean energy more affordable and accessible. Governments, private sector entities, and international organizations can collaborate to invest in research and development initiatives.

5. Strengthening international cooperation: International cooperation plays a vital role in achieving affordable and clean energy access. Collaborative efforts among countries can facilitate technology transfer, capacity building, and financial support to promote clean energy solutions globally.

Overall, a combination of policy measures, technological advancements, and international cooperation is essential to ensure affordable and clean energy access as per Goal 7 of the SDGs.