What is a convergent boundary?

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What is a convergent boundary?

A convergent boundary is a type of plate boundary where two tectonic plates are moving towards each other. At this boundary, the plates collide or come together, resulting in the formation of various geological features and processes. There are three main types of convergent boundaries: oceanic-continental convergence, oceanic-oceanic convergence, and continental-continental convergence.

In oceanic-continental convergence, an oceanic plate subducts or sinks beneath a continental plate due to its higher density. This process leads to the formation of subduction zones, where the oceanic plate is forced beneath the continental plate, creating deep ocean trenches and volcanic arcs on the continental side.

In oceanic-oceanic convergence, two oceanic plates collide, and one of them subducts beneath the other. This type of convergence also results in the formation of subduction zones, deep ocean trenches, and volcanic island arcs.

In continental-continental convergence, two continental plates collide, and neither of them subducts due to their similar densities. As a result, the collision leads to the formation of mountain ranges, such as the Himalayas, as the crust crumples and folds.

Convergent boundaries are associated with intense geological activity, including earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and the formation of mountain ranges. These boundaries play a crucial role in shaping the Earth's surface and are responsible for the creation of various landforms and geological phenomena.