What is ocean acidification and why is it a concern?

Oceans And Seas Questions Medium



57 Short 80 Medium 48 Long Answer Questions Question Index

What is ocean acidification and why is it a concern?

Ocean acidification is the ongoing decrease in the pH levels of the Earth's oceans, primarily caused by the absorption of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. When CO2 dissolves in seawater, it forms carbonic acid, which increases the concentration of hydrogen ions and lowers the pH of the water, making it more acidic.

This phenomenon is a significant concern because it has detrimental effects on marine ecosystems and organisms. Firstly, increased acidity interferes with the ability of marine organisms, such as corals, shellfish, and plankton, to build and maintain their calcium carbonate shells and skeletons. This can lead to reduced growth rates, weakened structures, and increased vulnerability to predation and disease.

Furthermore, ocean acidification disrupts the delicate balance of marine food webs. Many species, including commercially important fish, rely on shell-forming organisms as a food source. If these organisms decline due to acidification, it can have cascading effects throughout the entire ecosystem, impacting the abundance and distribution of marine life.

Additionally, ocean acidification can also affect the reproductive and physiological processes of marine organisms. For example, it can impair the ability of some fish species to detect predators or find suitable mates, ultimately impacting their survival and reproductive success.

Moreover, ocean acidification exacerbates the impacts of other stressors on marine ecosystems, such as rising sea temperatures and pollution. Combined, these factors pose a significant threat to the biodiversity, productivity, and resilience of our oceans.

Addressing ocean acidification requires reducing carbon dioxide emissions and implementing measures to mitigate its effects. It is crucial to raise awareness, promote sustainable practices, and support research efforts to better understand and mitigate the consequences of ocean acidification for the long-term health of our oceans and the well-being of future generations.