Independence Movements Questions
The Anglo-Irish Treaty, signed on December 6, 1921, marked a significant turning point in the Irish War of Independence. It established the basis for the creation of the Irish Free State, which granted Ireland a degree of independence from British rule. The treaty recognized Ireland as a self-governing dominion within the British Empire, with its own parliament and executive. It also allowed for the establishment of an Irish military force, the Irish Army, and the retention of the Royal Irish Constabulary as a police force.
However, the treaty also included a controversial provision that allowed Northern Ireland to opt-out of the Irish Free State and remain part of the United Kingdom, which led to the partition of Ireland. This division created deep divisions and tensions within Ireland, leading to the Irish Civil War between those who supported and opposed the treaty.
Overall, the Anglo-Irish Treaty was significant as it marked the first step towards Irish independence and the establishment of the Irish Free State. However, it also laid the groundwork for the ongoing conflict and division between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.