Demographic Transition Model Questions
The factors that contribute to changes in employment needs during the demographic transition include:
1. Population growth: As a country moves from the early stages of the demographic transition, characterized by high birth and death rates, to the later stages with lower birth and death rates, the population growth rate slows down. This leads to a decrease in the demand for labor as there are fewer young people entering the workforce.
2. Aging population: With declining birth rates and increasing life expectancy, many countries experience an aging population. This demographic shift results in a higher proportion of older individuals who may retire from the workforce, leading to a decrease in the labor supply.
3. Urbanization and industrialization: During the demographic transition, there is often a shift from agrarian-based economies to industrialized and urbanized societies. This transition leads to changes in employment needs, with a greater demand for skilled workers in industries such as manufacturing, technology, and services, and a decrease in the demand for agricultural labor.
4. Education and skill levels: As countries progress through the demographic transition, there is usually an increase in access to education and improvements in skill levels. This leads to a shift in employment needs towards more knowledge-based and high-skilled jobs, while low-skilled and manual labor jobs may decline.
5. Technological advancements: Advances in technology and automation can significantly impact employment needs during the demographic transition. As industries become more automated, there may be a decrease in the demand for certain types of jobs, while new jobs requiring technological skills may emerge.
Overall, the demographic transition brings about changes in employment needs due to population growth, aging population, urbanization and industrialization, education and skill levels, and technological advancements.