Demographic Transition Model Questions
In Stage 2 of the Demographic Transition Model, high birth rates are primarily influenced by several factors:
1. High fertility rates: In this stage, societies typically have high fertility rates due to cultural and social norms that encourage larger families. These norms may include the desire for more children to ensure economic security, to provide support in old age, or to maintain social status.
2. Lack of family planning and contraception: Limited access to family planning services and contraception methods can contribute to high birth rates. In some societies, there may be a lack of awareness or availability of contraceptives, leading to unintended pregnancies and higher birth rates.
3. Agricultural economy: Many countries in Stage 2 have economies that are primarily based on agriculture. In these societies, children are seen as valuable assets, as they can contribute to farm work and help support the family economically. As a result, there is a higher demand for children, leading to higher birth rates.
4. High infant and child mortality rates: In Stage 2, healthcare and sanitation conditions may be inadequate, resulting in higher infant and child mortality rates. To compensate for the loss of children, families tend to have more births, increasing the overall birth rate.
5. Lack of education and empowerment for women: In some societies, women may have limited access to education and opportunities for economic empowerment. This can lead to early marriages and early childbearing, contributing to higher birth rates.
Overall, the combination of cultural, economic, and social factors in Stage 2 of the Demographic Transition Model leads to high birth rates.