Demographic Transition Model Questions
Slums are densely populated areas characterized by inadequate housing, lack of basic services such as clean water and sanitation, and high levels of poverty. They typically emerge in urban areas as a result of rapid urbanization and rural-urban migration.
The impact of slums on population dynamics is significant. Firstly, slums contribute to population growth as they attract migrants seeking better economic opportunities. The lack of family planning and limited access to contraceptives in slums often leads to high birth rates, further fueling population growth.
Secondly, slums have a negative impact on population health. The overcrowded and unsanitary living conditions in slums increase the risk of diseases such as respiratory infections, diarrheal diseases, and vector-borne illnesses. Limited access to healthcare services exacerbates these health issues, leading to higher mortality rates, particularly among children and infants.
Thirdly, slums can perpetuate a cycle of poverty. The lack of proper education and employment opportunities in slums often results in low income and limited upward mobility. This can lead to a higher dependency ratio, where a large proportion of the population relies on a smaller working-age population for support, further straining resources and hindering economic development.
Overall, slums have a significant impact on population dynamics by contributing to population growth, negatively affecting population health, and perpetuating poverty. Addressing the issues related to slums, such as improving housing conditions, providing access to basic services, and promoting education and employment opportunities, is crucial for sustainable population management and development.