Demographic Transition Model Questions Medium
Stage 2 in the Demographic Transition Model is characterized by high birth rates and declining death rates, resulting in a rapid population growth. This stage typically occurs in countries that are transitioning from traditional agrarian economies to industrialization and urbanization.
The key characteristics of Stage 2 are as follows:
1. High birth rates: In Stage 2, birth rates remain high due to factors such as cultural norms, lack of family planning, and high infant mortality rates. Additionally, in agrarian societies, children are seen as an economic asset and a source of labor, leading to larger families.
2. Declining death rates: The introduction of improved healthcare, sanitation, and nutrition leads to a decline in death rates during Stage 2. This is primarily due to advancements in medical technology, access to clean water, and better hygiene practices.
3. Rapid population growth: The combination of high birth rates and declining death rates results in a significant increase in population during Stage 2. This growth is often referred to as a population explosion or a population boom.
4. Shift towards urbanization: As industrialization progresses, there is a shift from rural agrarian communities to urban centers. This is driven by the availability of job opportunities in factories and industries, leading to rural-to-urban migration.
5. Changing social and economic dynamics: Stage 2 is characterized by a transformation in social and economic structures. Traditional agricultural practices are replaced by industrial and manufacturing activities, leading to changes in the way people live and work. This shift often brings about improvements in living standards and increased access to education and healthcare.
6. Environmental challenges: The rapid population growth and urbanization in Stage 2 can put significant pressure on natural resources and the environment. Increased industrial activities and urban expansion can lead to pollution, deforestation, and depletion of natural resources.
Overall, Stage 2 of the Demographic Transition Model represents a period of significant social, economic, and demographic changes as a country transitions from a predominantly agrarian society to an industrialized and urbanized one.