Explain the characteristics of Stage 1 in the Demographic Transition Model.

Demographic Transition Model Questions Medium



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Explain the characteristics of Stage 1 in the Demographic Transition Model.

Stage 1 in the Demographic Transition Model is characterized by high birth rates and high death rates, resulting in a relatively stable population size. This stage is typically associated with pre-industrial societies and is marked by limited access to healthcare, lack of education, and subsistence agriculture.

In Stage 1, birth rates are high due to several factors. Firstly, children are seen as an economic asset in agrarian societies, as they can contribute to the family's labor force and provide support in old age. Additionally, high infant mortality rates lead to a higher number of births, as families compensate for the likelihood of losing some of their children. Cultural and religious beliefs that encourage large families also contribute to the high birth rates in this stage.

On the other hand, death rates in Stage 1 are also high. Limited access to healthcare, inadequate sanitation, and poor nutrition contribute to a higher incidence of diseases and epidemics, leading to a higher mortality rate. Additionally, lack of medical knowledge and technology further exacerbate the situation.

As a result of the high birth and death rates, the population remains relatively stable in Stage 1. The growth rate is low or even negative, as the high birth and death rates offset each other. Consequently, the population size does not experience significant changes over time.

Overall, Stage 1 of the Demographic Transition Model is characterized by high birth and death rates, limited access to healthcare and education, and a relatively stable population size.