What were the major decolonization movements in the Indian subcontinent?

What were the major decolonization movements in the Indian subcontinent?

The major decolonization movements in the Indian subcontinent were the Indian National Congress (INC) and the Muslim League. The INC, founded in 1885, played a crucial role in advocating for independence from British colonial rule through nonviolent means. Led by figures like Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru, the INC organized various protests, boycotts, and civil disobedience campaigns to challenge British authority.

The Muslim League, established in 1906, initially aimed to protect the rights and interests of Muslims in India. However, it later became a significant force in the decolonization movement, demanding a separate nation for Muslims known as Pakistan. Led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the Muslim League played a pivotal role in the partition of India in 1947, resulting in the creation of India and Pakistan as separate nations.

Other notable decolonization movements in the Indian subcontinent include the Quit India Movement in 1942, which called for immediate British withdrawal from India, and the Khudai Khidmatgar movement in the North-West Frontier Province (now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan), led by Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, also known as Bacha Khan. These movements, along with various regional and local struggles, collectively contributed to the decolonization process in the Indian subcontinent.